... were measured experimentally by fabricating a series of butt-welded specimens of Type 316 pipes. The distribution and scatter of residual stress were also measured by stress relief and X-ray diffraction methods. The effects of welding parameters on residual stress distribution have been evaluated...

... transformation have been incorporated into the simulation. Residual stresses have been measured using the X-ray diffraction technique along the outer surface of the pipe and using the deep-hole drilling technique through the wall thickness at the center of the weld. Good correlation has been demonstrated between...

... joints. In the present work, X-ray diffraction method was used to obtain the distribution of residual stress induced by UIT. The results showed that UIT could cause a large compressive residual stress in access of 300 MPa on the surface of the material. A 3D finite element model was established...

...Junbo Zhou; Kuisheng Wang; Liping Gao The corrosion failure of 1Cr18Ni9Ti stainless steel pressure vessel was studied with the aid of metallurgical microscopes, scanning electron microscopes, scanning Auger energy spectra and X-ray diffraction meters. The main causes of the failure included: inter...

...G. Bruno; B. D. Dunn The residual stress (RS) in two curved plates cut from a large welded propellant tank for spacecrafts was investigated nondestructively by neutron and laboratory x-ray diffraction. Each plate had two weld beads symmetric to a central monoblock reinforcement. One plate had...

... to several different firing conditions to provide a basis for analyzing the specific role of the various degradation mechanisms. Supporting information is provided from x-ray diffraction measurement of residual stresses in the steel heat-affected zones produced in a firing environment. The measured...

... diameter of an Alloy 600 tube J-welded into a pressure vessel were determined by a combination of X-ray diffraction (XRD) and mechanical techniques. A new method was used to relate the XRD line broadening to the percent cold work or true plastic strain in the Alloy 600 tube. The accumulated cold work...

..., and a comparison is made with stress measurement obtained by incremental hole-drilling method, and X-ray diffraction. These results are also validated by thermal relaxation of the plates. The paper discusses also the microstructure influence on ultrasonic measurements and methods for adjusting the ultrasonic...

...Makoto Hayashi; Kunio Enomoto Changes in the residual stress in a worked surface layer of type 304 austenitic stainless steel due to tensile deformation were measured by the X-ray diffraction residual stress measuring method. The compressive residual stresses introduced by end-mill, end-mill side...