Numerical Simulation of Subcooled Flow Boiling Heat Transfer in Helical Tubes

This paper addresses the numerical simulation of two-phase flow heat transfer in the helically coiled tubes of an integral type pressurized water reactor steam generator under normal operation using a computational fluid dynamics code. The shell-side flow field where a single-phase fluid flows in the downward direction is also calculated in conjunction with the tube-side two-phase flow characteristics. For the calculation of tube-side two-phase flow, the inhomogeneous two-fluid model is used. Both the Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute wall boiling model and the bulk boiling model are implemented for the numerical simulations of boiling-induced two-phase flow in a vertical straight pipe and channel, and the computed results are compared with the available measured data. The conjugate heat transfer analysis method is employed to calculate the conduction in the tube wall with finite thickness and the convections in the internal and external fluids simultaneously so as to match the fluid-wall-fluid interface conditions properly. Both the internal and external turbulent flows are simulated using the standard $k-ε$ model. From the results of the present numerical simulation, it is shown that the bulk boiling model can be applied to the simulation of two-phase flow in the helically coiled steam generator tubes. In addition, the present simulation method is considered to be physically plausible in the light of discussions on the computed results.