... a stationary domain with the preswirl nozzles and a rotating domain with the receiver holes. The fluid-dynamic conditions feature an over-swirled system with a swirl ratio at the nozzle radius β p = 1.4−1.5 and rotational Reynolds number Re Φ = 0.8 × 10 6 and 1.2 × 10 6 . Three different treatments...

... chamber was designed and set up. The size and operating conditions were configured to enable flame stabilization by recirculation of hot combustion products. The geometry of the rectangular confinement and an off-center positioning of the jet nozzle were chosen to resemble one burner nozzle of a FLOX ®...

... transcendental relations where closed-form solutions may be desirable. 22 02 2011 02 04 2011 28 12 2011 28 12 2011 confined flow equations of state heat transfer iterative methods Mach number nozzles specific heat stagnation flow subsonic flow supersonic flow One...

... on mixing characteristics and the resulting temperature distribution and pollutant emissions. As the P/T fuel ratio increases, the high temperature region over 1900 K enhances reaction of the mixture from the main nozzle in the primary mixing zone. For low P/T ratios, the pilot stream dilutes the mixture...

...K. K. Botros Nozzle type check valves are often employed in compressor stations in three locations: compressor outlet, station discharge, and station bypass. The fundamental design concept of these valves is based on creating a converging diverging flow through the valve internal geometry...

...Greg Pucher; William Allan; Marc LaViolette; Pierre Poitras Differences in exhaust emissions, smoke production, exhaust pattern factor, deposit buildup, and fuel nozzle spray characteristics for various blends of conventional commercial jet fuel (Jet A-1) with synthetic and biodiesel formulations...

...Hyun Kyu Suh; Chang Sik Lee This paper presents the effect of orifice configuration on the droplet atomization characteristics of diesel fuel injected through different types of group-hole nozzle angles, which are converged ( θ = − 3 deg ) , parallel ( θ = 0 deg ) , and diverged ( θ = + 3 deg...

...David Munday; Nick Heeb; Ephraim Gutmark; Junhui Liu; K. Kailasanath This paper presents observations and simulations of the impact of several technologies on modifying the flow-field and acoustic emissions from supersonic jets from nozzles typical of those used on military aircraft. The flow-field...

.... This paper addresses the influence and importance of droplet size on evaporative cooling performance and efficiency. Spray nozzles used for inlet fogging and wet compression include impaction pin, swirl jet, air assisted, and swirl flash nozzle designs. The evaporation efficiency of the atomized droplets...

...Jin-Hwa Kim; Martin Kearney-Fischer; Mo Samimy; Sivaram Gogineni Plasma actuators are used to control far-field noise in Mach 1.65 jets from contoured and conical supersonic axisymmetric nozzles (henceforth, contoured and conical jets, respectively). The contoured nozzle is designed using...

...Girish M. Shejale Gas turbine components such as nozzle segments, buckets, transition pieces, and combustion liners experience damages such as creep, fatigue, high temperature oxidation, and corrosion. The reliability, availability, and efficiency of high temperature gas turbine parts are based...

...) methodology for geometrically complex internal propulsive flowpaths and large eddy simulation (LES) methodology for the jet structure downstream of the nozzle exit. Temporal data from the LES solution is stored on a flared-cylindrical surface surrounding the jet, to be used for noise propagation...

... its service life. The latest propulsion modernization program focused on improved takeoff performance of the T-38’s inlets, improved reliability of the twin J85 afterburning turbojet engines, and reduced drag with an improved exhaust nozzle design. The T-38’s inlet includes bleed holes upstream...

... convergent-divergent outlet nozzle of a small scale combustion test rig at various power consumptions and equivalence ratios. Until now, this part of the combustion chamber is sparsely investigated due to the challenging measurement conditions. The temporal density oscillation inside the nozzle can be shown...

...Imran Qureshi; Arrigo Beretta; Thomas Povey This paper presents experimental measurements and computational predictions of surface and end wall heat transfer for a high-pressure (HP) nozzle guide vane operating as part of a full HP turbine stage in an annular rotating turbine facility...

...-delay trends: Ignition delay increased as ambient temperature, ambient pressure, and oxygen concentration decreased. The result of changing injection pressures and nozzle-hole diameters did not significantly affect ignition-delay values for all tested fuels. The variation in ignition-delay values...

..., combustion dome, primary dilution jets, secondary dilution jets, and cooling strips to provide convective cooling to the liner. The chamber contracts toward the end to fit the turbine nozzle ring. 2D PIV is employed at an atmospheric pressure drop of 4% (isothermal) to delineate the flow field...

.... Recent studies have shown that it is possible to measure the three-dimensional geometry of the injector nozzle, and to track changes in that geometry as the needle opens and closes in real time. This has enabled the dynamics of the injector to be compared with the dynamics of the spray, and allows...

... temperature sensor (FTS) developed by General Electric Co. The APFC system determines combustion flame temperatures, validates the values, and integrates an assessment of signal and combustion hardware health to determine how to trim the fuel flow to individual fuel nozzles. Key aspects of the system include...

... out for the main and pilot nozzles to avoid flashback and to provide realistic inflow boundary conditions for the combustor. Geometrical details such as air swirlers, vane passages, and liner holes are all taken into account. Tested combustion models show similar downstream distributions of the mean...