A parametric study was performed to reveal the hydrodynamic processes controlling crossflow over MEMS-based micro pin fin devices. Pressure drop experiments were conducted and used to obtain friction factors on a wide range of micro pin fin devices for various flow conditions and geometrical configurations, including pin fin height-to-diameter aspect ratios, spacings, and shapes. The acquired data suggests that the device geometry is the key parameter dictating friction factor trends and magnitude along with the Reynolds number. Additionally, friction factor data has shown that correlations based on experimental results performed on conventional scale tube bundles do not accurately predict the trends under working conditions pertaining to microfluidic systems.

References

1.
Peles
,
Y.
,
Kuo
,
C. J.
,
Koşar
,
A.
,
Mishra
,
C.
, and
Schneider
,
B.
, 2005, “
Forced Convective Heat Transfer Across a Pin Fin Micro Heat Exchanger
,”
Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer
,
48
(
17
), pp.
3615
3127
.
2.
Koşar
,
A.
, and
Peles
,
Y.
, 2006, “
Convective Flow of Refrigerant (R-123) across a Bank of Micro Pin Fins
,”
Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer
,
49
(
17–18
), pp.
3142
3155
.
3.
Koşar
,
A.
, and
Peles
,
Y.
, 2006, “
Thermalhydraulic Performance of MEMS-based Pin Fin Heat Sink
,”
J. Heat Transfer
,
128
(
2
), pp.
121
131
.
4.
Qu
,
W.
, and
Siu-Ho
,
A.
, (2009a), “
Measurement and Prediction of Pressure Drop in a Two-phase Micro-pin-fin Heat Sink
,”
Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer
,
52
(
21–22
), pp.
5173
5184
.
5.
Qu
,
W.
, and
Siu-Ho
,
A.
, 2009b, “
Experimental Study of Saturated Flow Boiling Heat Transfer in an Array of Staggered Micro-pin-fins
,”
Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer
,
52
(
7–8
), pp.
1853
1863
.
6.
Konishi
,
C. A.
,
Qu
,
W.
, and
Pfefferkorn
,
F. E.
, 2009, “
Experimental Study of Water Liquid-Vapor Two-phase Pressure Drop Across an Array of Staggered Micro-Pin-Fins
,”
J. Electron. Packaging
,
131
(
2
), p.
021010
.
7.
Qu
,
W.
, and
Siu-Ho
,
A.
, (2008), “
Liquid Single-Phase Flow in an Array of Micro-Pin-Fins. Part I. Heat Transfer Characteristics
,”
J. Heat Transfer
,
130
(
12
), p.
122402
.
8.
Kandlikar
,
S. G.
, and
Grande
,
W. J.
, 2004, “
Evaluation of Single Phase Flow in Microchannel for High Heat Flux Chip Cooling- Thermodynamic Performance Enhancement and Fabrication Technology
,”
Presented at the Second International Conference on Microchannels and Minichannels
,
ASME
,
New York
, Paper ICMM2004-2321, pp.
67
76
.
9.
Schelling
,
P. K.
,
Shi
,
Li
, and
Goodson
,
K. E.
, 2005, “
Managing Heat for Electronics
,”
Mater. Today
,
8
(
6
), pp.
30
35
.
10.
Lee
,
M.
,
Wong
,
Y. Y.
,
Wong
,
M.
, and
Zohar
,
Y.
, 2003, “
Size and Shape Effects on Two-Phase Flow Patterns in Microchannel Forced Convection Boiling
,”
J. Micromech. Microeng.
,
13
(
1
), pp.
155
164
.
11.
Kleiner
,
M. B.
,
Kühn
,
S. A.
, and
Harberger
,
K.
, 1995, “
High Performance Forced Air Cooling Scheme Employing Microchannel Heat Exchangers
,”
IEEE Trans. Comput. Packag., Manuf. Technol. A
,
18
, pp.
795
804
.
12.
Hitt
,
D. L.
,
Zakrzwski
,
C. M.
, and
Thomas
,
M. A.
, (2001), “
MEMS-based Satellite Micropropulsion via Catalyzed Hydrogen Peroxide Decomposition, Smart Materials and Structures
,” 10, pp.
1163
1175
.
13.
London
,
A. P.
,
Ayon
,
A. A.
,
Epstein
,
A. H.
,
Spearing
,
S. M.
,
Harrison
,
T.
,
Peles
,
Y.
, and
Kerrebrock
,
J. L.
, 2001, “
Microfabrication of a High Pressure Bipropellant Rocket Engine
,”
Sensors Actuators A
,
92
(
1–3
), pp.
351
357
.
14.
Spadaccini
,
C. M.
,
Zhang
,
X.
,
Cadou
,
C. P.
,
Miki
,
N.
, and
Waitz
,
I. A.
, 2003, “
Preliminary Development of a Hydrocarbon-fueled Catalytic Micro-combustor
,”
Sens. Actuators A
,
103
(
1–2
), pp
219
224
.
15.
Lee
,
D. H.
, and
Kwon
,
S.
, 2002, “
Heat Transfer and Quenching Analysis of Combustor in a Micro Combustion Vessel
,”
J. Micromech. Microeng.
,
12
(
5
), pp.
670
676
.
16.
Losey
,
M. W.
,
Jackman
,
J.
,
Firebaugh
,
S. L.
,
Schmidt
,
M. A.
, and
Jensen
,
K.
, 2002, “
Design and Fabrication of Microfluidic Devices for Multiphase Mixing and Reaction
,”
J. Microelectromech. Syst.
,
11
(
6
), pp.
709
717
.
17.
Arana
,
L. R.
,
Schaevitz
,
S. B.
,
Franz
,
A. J.
,
Schmidt
,
M. A.
, and
Jensen
,
K.
, 2002, “
Microfabricated Suspended-tube Chemical Reactor for Thermally Efficient Fuel Processing
,”
J. Microelectromech. Syst.
,
12
(
5
), pp.
600
612
.
18.
Epstein
,
A. H.
, and
Senturia
,
S. D.
, 1997, “
Macro Power for Micro Machinery
,”
Science
,
276
(
5316
), p.
1211
.
19.
Cabodi
,
M.
,
Turner
,
S. W. P.
, and
Craighead
,
H. G.
, 2002, “
Entropic Recoil Separation of Long DNA Molecules
,”
Anal. Chem.
,
74
, pp.
5169
5174
.
20.
Kaji
,
N.
,
Tezuka
,
Y.
,
Takamura
,
Y.
,
Ueda
,
M.
,
Nishimoto
,
T.
,
Nakanishi
,
H.
,
Horiike
,
Y.
, and
Bada
,
Y.
, 2004, “
Separation of Long DNA Molecules by Quartz Nanopillar Chips under a Direct Current Electric Field
,”
Anal. Chem.
,
76
, pp.
15
22
.
21.
Hattori
,
W.
,
Someya
,
H.
,
Baba
,
M.
, and
Kawaura
,
H.
, 2004, “
Size-based Continuous-flow Directional Control of DNA with a Nano-pillar Anisotropic Array
,”
J. Chromatogr. A
,
1051
, pp.
141
146
.
22.
Panaro
,
N. J.
,
Lou
,
X. J.
,
Fortina
,
P.
,
Kricka
,
L. J.
, and
Wilding
,
P.
, 2005, “
Micropillar Array Chip for Integrated White Blood Cell Isolation and PCR
,”
Bimol. Eng.
,
21
, pp.
157
162
.
23.
Taborek
,
J.
, 1983,
Shell-and-Tube Heat Exchangers: Single phase Flow Handbook of Heat Exchanger Design
(
Hemisphere
,
New York
), Chap. 3.3.
24.
Short
, Jr.,
B. E.
,
Raad
,
P. E
. and
Price
,
D. C.
, 2002, “
Performance of Pin Fin Cast Aluminum Coldwalls, Part. 1: Friction Factor Correlations
,”
J. Thermophys. Heat Transfer
,
16
(
3
), pp.
389
396
.
25.
Gaddis
,
E. S.
, and
Gnielski
,
V.
, 1985, “
Pressure Drop in Horizontal Cross flow across Tube Bundles
,”
Int. Chem. Eng.
,
25
(
1
), pp.
1
15
.
26.
Gunter
,
A. Y.
, and
Shaw
,
W. A.
, 1945, “
A General Correlation of Friction Factors for Various Types of Surfaces in Cross Flow
,”
Trans. Am. Soc. Mech. Eng.
,
67
, pp.
643
660
.
27.
Sparrow
,
E. M.
, and
Grannis
,
V. B.
, 1991, “
Pressure Drop Characteristics of Heat Exchangers Consisting of Arrays of Diamond-Shaped Pin Fins
,”
Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer
,
34
(
3
), pp.
589
600
.
28.
Short
, Jr.,
B. E.
,
Price
,
D. C.
, and
Raad
,
P. E.
, 2004, “
Design of Cast Pin Fin Coldwalls for Air-Cooled Electronic Systems
,”
J. Electron. Packaging
,
126
, pp.
67
73
.
29.
Ruth
,
E. K.
, 1983, “
Experiments on a Cross flow Heat Exchanger with Tubes of Lenticular Shape
,”
J. Heat Transfer
,
105
, pp.
571
575
.
30.
Sparrow
,
E. M.
, and
Kang
,
S. S.
, 1985, “
Longitudinally-finned Cross Flow Tube Banks and their Heat Transfer and Pressure Drop Characteristics
,”
Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer
,
28
(
2
), pp.
339
350
.
31.
Zukauskas
,
A. A.
, 1972, “
Heat Transfer from Tubes in Cross Flow
,” in
Advances in Heat Transfer
(
Academic Press
,
New York
), Vol.
8
, pp.
93
160
.
32.
Koşar
,
A.
,
Mishra
,
C.
, and
Peles
,
Y.
, 2005, “
Laminar Flow Across a Bank of Low Aspect Ratio Micro Pin Fins
,”
J. Fluids Eng.
,
127
(
3
), pp.
419
430
.
33.
Siu-Ho
,
A.
,
Qu
,
W.
, and
Pfefferkorn
,
F. E.
, 2007, “
Experimental Study of Pressure Drop and Heat Transfer in a Single-phase Micro-pin-Fin Heat Sink
,”
J. Electron. Packaging
,
129
, pp.
479
487
.
34.
Prasher
,
R. S
.,
Dirner
,
J.
,
Chang
,
J -Y.
,
Myers
,
A.
,
Chau
,
D.
,
He
,
D.
, and
Prstic
,
S
., 2007, “
Nusselt Number and Friction Factor of Staggered Arrays of Low Aspect Ratio Micro Pin Fins under Cross Flow
,”
J. Heat Transfer
,
129
, pp.
141
153
.
35.
Qu
,
W.
, and
Siu-Ho
,
A.
, 2008, “
Liquid Single-Phase Flow in an Array of Micro-pin-fins. Part II: Pressure Drop Characteristics
,”
J. Heat Transfer
,
130
(
12
), p.
124501
.
36.
Moores
,
K. A.
, and
Joshi
,
Y. K.
, 2003, “
Effect of Tip Clearance on the Thermal and Hydrodynamic Performance of a Shrouded Pin Fin Array
,”
J. Heat Transfer
,
125
, pp.
999
1006
.
37.
Kline
,
S.
, and
McClintock
,
F. A.
, 1953, “
Describing Uncertainties in Single-Sample Experiments
,”
Mech. Eng.
,
75
(
1
), pp.
3
8
.
38.
Umeda
,
S.
, and
Yang
,
W. J.
, 1999, “
Interaction of von Karman Vortices and Intersecting Main Streams in Staggered Tube Bundles
,”
Exp. Fluids
,
26
, pp.
389
396
.
39.
Iwaki
,
C.
,
Cheong
,
K. H.
,
Monji
,
H.
, and
Matsui
,
G.
, 2004, “
PIV Measurement of the Vertical Cross-flow Structure over Tube Bundles
,”
Exp. Fluids
,
37
, pp.
50
63
.
40.
Kwak
,
K. M.
,
Torii
,
K.
, and
Nishino
,
K.
, 2002, “
Heat Transfer and Flow Characteristics of Fin-tube Bundles with and without Winglet-type Vortex Generators
,”
Exp. Fluids
,
33
, pp.
696
702
.
41.
Chyu
,
M. K.
,
Hsing
,
Y. C.
, and
Natarajan
,
V.
, 1998, “
Convective Heat Transfer of Cubic Fin Arrays in a Narrow Channel
,”
J. Heat Transfer
,
120
, pp.
362
367
.
You do not currently have access to this content.