... as photocathode in DSSC and supercapacitor electrodes. The embedded energy unit from the DSSC-supercapacitor demonstrates a 6.75% fill factor representing its decent efficiency. The dielectric constant ɛ R , dielectric loss ɛ I , can be represented as ε R = z I ω C 0 ( Z R 2...

... and energy efficiencies of the cycle are calculated, and the effects of various cycle parameters on the exergy and energy efficiencies are investigated. To maximize the exergy efficiency while minimizing the cost of electricity generation by the fuel cell, the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm...

... that current density ( J SC ), fill factor (FF), and efficiency ( η ) follow the same variation that exists between conductivity and salt concentration. Open circuit voltage ( V OC ) seemed to be not depending on the conductivity and salt concentration very much. 1 Corresponding author. Manuscript...

...Hai-Kyung Seo; Won-shik Park; Hee Chun Lim When synthetic natural gas (SNG) is produced from coal and used as a fuel in the internal reforming molten carbonate fuel cell (ir-MCFC), electric efficiency can be no greater than 31%. This is because there are several exothermic reactions...

..., the first cycle irreversible capacity loss is reduced from 806 to 28 mAh/g and the first cycle coulombic efficiency is increased from 65% to 98%. The relationship between different SLMP loadings and cell performance has been established to understand the prelithiation process of SLMP and to optimize...

... 12 11 2015 Cathodes Cell design Efficiency Modeling PEM fuel cells Bipolar plates in PEM fuel cells have important responsibilities of distributing the reactant gases, transporting current through the lands, removing the product gases and liquid water, and providing structural...

... CIENCE AND T ECHNOLOGY . Manuscript received October 2, 2014; final manuscript received August 30, 2015; published online October 6, 2015. Assoc. Editor: Rak-Hyun Song. 02 10 2014 30 08 2015 Aging Efficiency Fuels Membranes Modeling Nowadays, the improvement in fuel cell...

... recuperated microturbine modified for external connections, a high temperature modular vessel necessary to emulate the dimensions of an SOFC stack, and, for air recompression, a turbocharger necessary to increase fuel cell pressure (using part of the recuperator outlet flow) as required for efficiency...

.... The effects of turbine inlet temperature (TIT) and pressure ratio (PR) on the performance of the hybrid system have been investigated. The results show that selecting smaller TIT or PR value will lead to relative higher system efficiency and lower CO 2 emission ratio; however, this will raise the risk...

...) W gt = η gen η m ( W t - W c ) The β is an auxiliary coordinate, as shown in Fig. 2 . It is expressed as the function of dimensionless reduced mass flow, efficiency, pressure ratio of compressor, and dimensionless reduced rotational speed...

... of PBRs used to grow microalgae for biofuels and bioproducts. Efficiency Fuels Infrastructure Modeling Dependency on fossil fuels is leading the world to a global energy crisis, and the extensive use of fossil fuels is viewed as a key contributor to climate change. Significant research...

... of the cell was observed when the concentrations of the solutions were closer to stoichiometric values. The model predicted results were compared to the corresponding experimental values and found satisfactory. Direct methanol Efficiency Fuels Modeling Ohmic Losses As the natural resources...

... efficiency. Fig. 12 Daily energy-saving ratio of SOFC-CGS, compared to RS Figure 13 shows the optimal operation of each system, for example, on Aug. 7th. For the SO + SC + BT, the electrical output from SC, which exceeds demand, is stored to the BT, and the electricity stored in the BT...

... pressure drop efficiency The direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) is a proton-exchange fuel cell in which methanol is used as fuel. The advantage of the DMFC is the use of methanol, a reasonably stable liquid at environmental conditions. A DMFC has been developed for portable or small mobile...

... and thermal calculations in the fuel cell are carried out in order to obtain more accurate results. An examination of the hybrid system performance indicates that increasing of the working pressure and rate of air flow into the system, cause the cell temperature to reduce, the efficiency and the power...

... online May 7, 2013. Editor: Nigel M. Sammes. 07 10 2012 27 01 2013 The operation of a direct methanol fuel cell with an internal combustion engine in a hybrid system is investigated in terms of fuel efficiency. The following work shows a potential for fuel saving because the engine's...

...Syed Khalid Imran; Rizwan Raza; Ghazanfar Abbas; Bin Zhu Bio-ethanol based fuel cell is an energy source with a promising future. The low temperature solid oxide fuel cell fed by direct bio-ethanol is receiving considerable attention as a clean and highly efficient for the production of both...

... endurance testing data are analyzed herein with a focus on power system performance, reliability, and degradation issues. End user and system integrator testing approaches were applied. Power system response to load demand and electrical efficiency were measured following as much as possible...

..., and the application load during the transient and in the steady states. In this paper, a distributed PES (comprising a multimodule dc-dc boost converter) is proposed for a fuel-cell and battery based hybrid power system, which provides higher cost effectiveness, efficiency, and footprint savings. This is realized...

... stacks allow this reaction to occur at elevated pressures. An exergy analysis of a gas turbine cycle integrated with SOFCs with internal reforming is conducted. As the efficiency of a gas turbine cycle is mainly defined by the maximum temperature at the turbine inlet, this temperature is fixed at 1573 K...