It is well known that blood vessels exhibit viscoelastic properties, which are modeled in the literature with different mathematical forms and experimental bases. The wide range of existing viscoelastic wall models may produce significantly different blood flow, pressure, and vessel deformation solutions in cardiovascular simulations. In this paper, we present a novel comparative study of two different viscoelastic wall models in nonlinear one-dimensional (1D) simulations of blood flow. The viscoelastic models are from papers by Holenstein et al. in 1980 (model V1) and Valdez-Jasso et al. in 2009 (model V2). The static elastic or zero-frequency responses of both models are chosen to be identical. The nonlinear 1D blood flow equations incorporating wall viscoelasticity are solved using a space-time finite element method and the implementation is verified with the Method of Manufactured Solutions. Simulation results using models V1, V2 and the common static elastic model are compared in three application examples: (i) wave propagation study in an idealized vessel with reflection-free outflow boundary condition; (ii) carotid artery model with nonperiodic boundary conditions; and (iii) subject-specific abdominal aorta model under rest and simulated lower limb exercise conditions. In the wave propagation study the damping and wave speed were largest for model V2 and lowest for the elastic model. In the carotid and abdominal aorta studies the most significant differences between wall models were observed in the hysteresis (pressure-area) loops, which were larger for V2 than V1, indicating that V2 is a more dissipative model. The cross-sectional area oscillations over the cardiac cycle were smaller for the viscoelastic models compared to the elastic model. In the abdominal aorta study, differences between constitutive models were more pronounced under exercise conditions than at rest. Inlet pressure pulse for model V1 was larger than the pulse for V2 and the elastic model in the exercise case. In this paper, we have successfully implemented and verified two viscoelastic wall models in a nonlinear 1D finite element blood flow solver and analyzed differences between these models in various idealized and physiological simulations, including exercise. The computational model of blood flow presented here can be utilized in further studies of the cardiovascular system incorporating viscoelastic wall properties.
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e-mail: raghu21@stanford.edu
e-mail: irene.vignon-clementel@inria.fr
e-mail: cafa@stanford.edu
e-mail: taylorca@stanford.edu
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August 2011
Research Papers
Comparative Study of Viscoelastic Arterial Wall Models in Nonlinear One-Dimensional Finite Element Simulations of Blood Flow
Rashmi Raghu,
Rashmi Raghu
Department of Mechanical Engineering, James H. Clark Center, E3.1, 318 Campus Drive,
e-mail: raghu21@stanford.edu
Stanford University
, Stanford
, CA 94305,
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Irene E. Vignon-Clementel,
e-mail: irene.vignon-clementel@inria.fr
Irene E. Vignon-Clementel
INRIA Paris Rocquencourt
, BP 105, 78153 Le Chesnay Cedex, France
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C. Alberto Figueroa,
C. Alberto Figueroa
Department of Bioengineering, James H. Clark Center, E382, 318 Campus Drive,
e-mail: cafa@stanford.edu
Stanford University
, Stanford, CA 94305,
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Charles A. Taylor
Charles A. Taylor
Department of Bioengineering, Department of Surgery, James H. Clark Center, E350B, 318 Campus Drive,
e-mail: taylorca@stanford.edu
Stanford University
, Stanford, CA 94305,
Search for other works by this author on:
Rashmi Raghu
Department of Mechanical Engineering, James H. Clark Center, E3.1, 318 Campus Drive,
Stanford University
, Stanford
, CA 94305,e-mail: raghu21@stanford.edu
Irene E. Vignon-Clementel
INRIA Paris Rocquencourt
, BP 105, 78153 Le Chesnay Cedex, France
e-mail: irene.vignon-clementel@inria.fr
C. Alberto Figueroa
Department of Bioengineering, James H. Clark Center, E382, 318 Campus Drive,
Stanford University
, Stanford, CA 94305,e-mail: cafa@stanford.edu
Charles A. Taylor
Department of Bioengineering, Department of Surgery, James H. Clark Center, E350B, 318 Campus Drive,
Stanford University
, Stanford, CA 94305,e-mail: taylorca@stanford.edu
J Biomech Eng. Aug 2011, 133(8): 081003 (11 pages)
Published Online: September 6, 2011
Article history
Received:
March 10, 2011
Revised:
June 5, 2011
Posted:
July 6, 2011
Published:
September 6, 2011
Online:
September 6, 2011
Citation
Raghu, R., Vignon-Clementel, I. E., Figueroa, C. A., and Taylor, C. A. (September 6, 2011). "Comparative Study of Viscoelastic Arterial Wall Models in Nonlinear One-Dimensional Finite Element Simulations of Blood Flow." ASME. J Biomech Eng. August 2011; 133(8): 081003. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4004532
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