Abstract
Usually plastic biaxial stress-strain relations for metals have been determined for tests in which the ratios of the principal stresses have been maintained essentially constant. This paper presents biaxial plastic stress-strain relations for both constant and variable-stress ratios. The purpose of conducting the variable-stress-ratio tests is to attempt to prove whether the flow- or deformation-type theory is the correct theory for predicting plastic stress-strain relations. The paper also gives a comparison between the actual and theoretically predicted values of the biaxial yield, ultimate and fracture strengths, and the biaxial ductility. Various ratios of biaxial tensile stresses were investigated by subjecting tubular specimens to axial tension and internal pressure. The test results showed that the yield-strength values agree best with the distortion-energy theory. For the prediction of the plastic stress-strain relations the deformation-type theory was found to be in approximate agreement with the test results for both the constant- and variable-stress-ratio tests.
